The ultimate goal of sustainable a more resilient and sustainable society and its creation needs.

 The process of shifting from a society that relies on unsustainable practices such as using fossil fuels or producing waste to a society that operates in a more sustainable way, such as using renewable energy and minimizing or eliminating waste through a circular economy practices.

 This transition involves changes in technology, social norms, policies and cultural practices.

 It's a complex process.

 Such changes can be related to technological advancements, political and economic shifts, social norms and environmental pressures.

 And they require collaboration between various stakeholders, including individuals, enterprise, businesses, governments, research centers and universities, and finally, civil society organizations.

 Sustainable transitions can be gradual or rapid and may involve shifts in attitudes, beliefs, values and behaviors, as well as changes in institutional arrangements and governance systems.

 So the driving forces behind these transitions can be complex and multifaceted and often involve trade offs and conflicting interests.

 Nonetheless, understanding and managing these transitions is important for building more resilient and adaptive societies that can address emerging challenges and opportunities.

 Therefore, in IMIM we focus on this topic to provide our students with general knowledge and some analytical tools to understand and, if possible, govern these transitions in the face of rising global challenges such as climate change, poverty, energy independency, increasing inequalities.